Though the two primary symptoms of COVID-19 have been widely cited as a high temperature and a continuous cough, medical experts in countries hit by COVID-19 are reporting the first tell-tale signs of the virus may be in an unexpected loss in smell.
Ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeons say symptoms of anosmia, or lack of sense of smell, due to the virus causing swelling in the olfactory mucosa more than other viruses, could be used as a key clinical indicator in otherwise symptom-free carriers of COVID-19 and used to identify possible Covid-19 infections.
“It is these ‘silent carriers’ who may remain undetected by current screening procedures, which may explain why the disease has progressed so rapidly in so many countries around the world,” says South Australian Professor of Otolaryngology at Flinders University Dr Simon Carney, from the Southern ENT and Adelaide Sinus Centre.
“While further research is required, loss of smell, or anosmia, has been reported in as many as 1 in 3 patients in South Korea and, in Germany, this figure was as high as 2 in patients.
“An ENT professor in London has reported seeing a dramatic increase in patients with anosmia as their only symptom of COVID-19 infection.”
The British Association of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT UK) outlined that the symptoms had been found among “a number of patients” in the “absence of other symptoms”.
“In the UK, ENT surgeons are pushing to have anosmia highlighted as an important symptom that may signify a patient may be an asymptomatic carrier,” says Professor Carney.
On the other side of the pond, the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery said, “Anosmia, in particular, has been seen in patients ultimately testing positive for the coronavirus with no other symptoms. [Those symptoms] warrant serious consideration for self-isolation and testing of these individuals.”
As Australia struggles to contain the spread of COVID-10, identification of these carriers could help to slow the spread of infection.
“Australia is in a position to take advantage of these findings overseas to try and ‘flatten the curve’ while we still can,’ says Professor Carney.
Doctors and COVID-19 detection centres could use this subtle sign and unexplained sudden anosmia the testing criteria, he says.
Patients should also consider calling their GP with this early symptom as a precursor for possible treatment. AMP
